Assessing Revenue Potential of Demand-Side Flexibility in the Residential Sector

F. Martín, A. Sánchez

Resumen:

This paper explores the participation of an Independent Aggregator (IA) managing energy resources of residential prosumers in both the energy and secondary reserve markets and analyses the resulting impacts on the electricity supplier. A two-stage optimization model is proposed to exploit the flexibility of the prosumers. The aim is to determine the optimized baseline in the energy market considering the retailer tariffs and to determine the optimal secondary reserve bids to minimize the net cost of the prosumer buying and selling energy. Two types of equipment and two tariff schemes are evaluated to assess their revenue potential in the Spanish secondary reserve market. Numerical results demonstrate that both prosumers and the IA consistently benefit from market participation. Residential users can reduce their energy bills by 19% to 43%. Finally, the results indicate that the IA can capture up to 80% of market revenues if rebound costs are mitigated.

Resumen divulgativo:

Este estudio analiza cómo los hogares que producen su propia energía (prosumidores) pueden unirse a través de un agregador independiente para participar en diferentes mercados eléctricos y ahorrar en su factura. Usando un modelo matemático, se demuestra que tanto los consumidores como el agregador pueden obtener importantes beneficios económicos, y que los hogares pueden reducir su factura de la luz entre un 19% y un 43%. Además, el agregador puede conseguir una gran parte de los ingresos del mercado si gestiona bien los costes asociados.

Palabras clave: Demand response, buildings flexibility, profitability analysis.

Fecha de Registro: 20-nov-2025